(1) What is silicon fertilizer? Silicon fertilizer is a kind of mineral fertilizer mainly containing calcium silicate. It is also called silicon calcium fertilizer or silicon calcium magnesium fertilizer. It is slightly alkaline, insoluble in water and soluble in acid. The appearance of the silicon fertilizer is white, taupe or black powder depending on the raw materials. It has the characteristics of non-toxic, odorless, non-corrosive, non-deteriorating and not easy to lose. The density of silicon fertilizer is 5000-3000 kg/m3, and its mineral composition is mainly amorphous glass. The main components of silicon fertilizer are: CaSi03, Ca2SiO4, Mg2SiO4, Ca3Mg(SiO4)2 and the like. Silicon fertilizer also contains a variety of trace elements, such as Mn, Cu, Zn, Co and so on.
(2) Why can silicon fertilizer increase the yield of silicon fertilizer? It can be used as fertilizer, provide nutrients, and can be used as soil conditioner to improve soil. In addition, it also has the effect of preventing disease, preventing insects and reducing toxicity. Specifically have the following effects:
1. Silicon is an important nutrient element of plant body composition. Most of the plants contain a large amount of silicon. For example, if 1000 kg of rice is produced, the absorption of SiO2 in the aboveground part of rice reaches 150 kg, which exceeds the sum of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by rice. The higher the grain yield, the more nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the greater the need for silicon fertilizer.
2. After the silicon is absorbed by the crop, silicified cells are formed to increase the cell wall strength of the plant. The plant type is straight and straight, which facilitates close planting and improves the photosynthesis of the leaf surface, which is beneficial to the ventilation, light transmission and accumulation of organic matter. Silicon can increase the chlorophyll content of plants, prolong the growth period, and promote plant growth. As a result, the silicon fertilizer changes the population structure of the crop, and the potential for crop yield increase is large.
3. The formation of silicified cells thickens the surface cell wall of the crop and increases the stratum corneum, thereby enhancing the resistance to pests and diseases, especially to rice blast, rice planthopper, leaf spot, stem rot, small sclerotium, white Leaf blight, wheat powdery mildew, rust, aphids, aphids and other pests and diseases. This will reduce the amount of pesticides.
4. Silicon can enhance the strength of the straw at the base of the plant, enhance the rigidity of the crop conduit, enhance the internal aeration of the plant, thereby enhancing the oxidative capacity of the root system, preventing premature aging and decay of the roots, and enhancing the lodging resistance. Such as Gui has a strong preventive effect on rice rotten root disease, especially silicon fertilizer can prevent high-yield rice and other crops from lodging.
5. Silicified cells in crops can effectively regulate leaf stomatal opening and closing and water transpiration. Therefore, the application of silicon fertilizer enhances the ability of crops to resist drought, dry heat and low temperature.
6. Silicon can reduce the fixation of phosphate fertilizer in the soil, and at the same time activate phosphorus in the soil and promote the action of phosphorus in the plant, thereby increasing the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer and the seed setting rate of crops.
7. Silicon can enhance pollen vigor and increase the rate of fruit and fruit crops.
8. Silicon fertilizer is a health fertilizer that can improve soil, improve soil salt base, promote decomposition of organic fertilizer, and inhibit soil bacteria.
9. Silicon is a quality element, which has the effect of improving the quality of agricultural products, making the products have good color and aroma, and is resistant to storage and transportation.
10. Silicon fertilizer can prevent heavy metal pollution to farmland. This is important for the prevention of heavy metal cadmium, manganese and lead pollution in crop areas in China using urban sewage irrigation and using sludge as fertilizer. Silicon fertilizer can also prevent hydrogen sulfide, methane and other damage to crop roots.
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